Guarantee of properties

Guarantee of properties

Information concerning the properties, performance, processing, and applications of 3Dresyns Products is based on the Company's technical knowledge, testing, documentation, and practical experience applicable to the relevant Product and Product version at the time the information is issued.

This policy explains the distinction between typical or indicative technical information, expressly stated Product specifications, process-dependent properties, application-specific performance, and statutory conformity rights.

Typical values and express specifications

Unless expressly identified as a specification, guaranteed value, acceptance criterion, contractual requirement, or other binding commitment, technical values described as typical, indicative, approximate, expected, representative, or comparable are intended to describe representative Product performance and should not be interpreted as guaranteed minimum or maximum values for every individual batch, printed part, cured specimen, printer, process, or application.

This distinction does not make expressly stated specifications or contractual commitments non-binding. Where the Company expressly establishes a Product specification, guaranteed characteristic, acceptance criterion, or other binding commitment in an applicable quotation, contract, Technical Data Sheet (TDS), Product-specific documentation, or other agreed document, that commitment applies according to its stated scope, conditions, tolerances, test methods, and limitations.

Comparative material descriptions

References to Products having properties described as similar to, comparable with, or inspired by conventional plastics, ceramics, elastomers, engineering materials, or other material classes are descriptive or comparative unless expressly stated otherwise.

Terms such as PEEK-like, ABS-like, Nylon-like, rubber-like, ceramic-like, or comparable descriptions do not imply identical chemical composition, molecular structure, formulation, processing behavior, regulatory status, or identical performance to the referenced conventional material.

Printed and cured-part properties are process-dependent

Properties measured on printed, cured, or post-processed specimens are not properties of the liquid resin in isolation. They are the result of the complete material, manufacturing, post-processing, conditioning, and testing workflow.

Mechanical, physical, thermal, optical, dimensional, electrical, dielectric, conductive, and other measured properties may depend on multiple variables, including but not limited to:

• the specific printer or manufacturing equipment;
• printing technology and machine architecture;
• light-source wavelength and spectral characteristics;
• irradiance, exposure energy, and exposure time;
• layer thickness;
• printing speed and printing strategy;
• machine calibration and equipment condition;
• resin temperature;
• ambient temperature and environmental conditions;
• build orientation;
• specimen geometry and dimensions;
• support strategy;
• material mixing, shaking, homogenization, or re-dispersion;
• cleaning fluid or cleaning method;
• cleaning time and intensity;
• drying conditions;
• post-curing equipment;
• post-curing wavelength;
• post-curing irradiance or energy;
• post-curing temperature;
• post-curing time;
• thermal treatment or annealing, where applicable;
• conditioning before testing;
• time elapsed between printing, post-curing, and testing;
• specimen preparation;
• test temperature and humidity;
• measurement equipment;
• test method and applicable standard; and
• other workflow-specific variables.

Consequently, results obtained using one printer, exposure condition, cleaning procedure, post-curing unit, post-processing workflow, specimen geometry, conditioning procedure, or test method may differ from results obtained using another system, even when the same Product and batch are used.

Measured properties of printed or cured parts must therefore be interpreted together with the manufacturing, post-processing, post-curing, conditioning, specimen preparation, and testing conditions under which they were obtained.

Unless expressly stated otherwise, a published measured value does not constitute a guarantee that an identical numerical value will be reproduced using different equipment, printing parameters, processing conditions, post-curing conditions, specimen geometries, or testing methods.

Mechanical properties

Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, Young's modulus, elongation at break, impact resistance, Shore hardness, and related values can be particularly dependent on the degree of cure and the complete manufacturing and post-curing workflow.

Accordingly, a mechanical property reported for a Product must be interpreted in the context of the specimen preparation, printing, curing, conditioning, and testing conditions applicable to the reported result.

A value obtained from specimens printed and post-cured under defined conditions does not mean that every printer or post-curing workflow will produce parts having an identical numerical mechanical property.

Thermal properties

Thermal properties measured on cured or printed specimens, including heat-related performance, may depend on the degree of cure, post-curing procedure, thermal history, conditioning, specimen preparation, and applicable test method.

Where a thermal property is stated together with specific preparation or testing conditions, the result applies within that technical framework unless expressly stated otherwise.

Optical properties

Optical characteristics of printed or cured parts may depend on material thickness, surface finish, printing orientation, curing conditions, cleaning, post-processing, polishing, internal geometry, equipment, and measurement conditions.

Visual appearance, transparency, translucency, color, or clarity observed in one printed specimen does not necessarily guarantee identical appearance in specimens produced using different geometries or workflows unless an applicable Product specification expressly establishes otherwise.

Electrical, conductive, dielectric, and other functional properties

Electrical, conductive, dielectric, electrostatic, magnetic, optical, or other functional properties may depend on Product preparation, filler or functional-phase distribution, homogenization, printing conditions, geometry, degree of cure, post-processing, conditioning, electrode configuration, measurement methodology, temperature, humidity, and other application-specific variables.

Where a Product requires mixing, re-dispersion, homogenization, thermal treatment, additional processing, or another documented preparation step to obtain the intended functional performance, those requirements form part of the applicable technical workflow.

Properties of the liquid Product

Properties measured directly on the uncured or liquid Product, such as viscosity, density, appearance, or other liquid-state characteristics, must be distinguished from properties measured on printed or cured specimens.

Liquid-state properties may themselves depend on temperature, storage history, shear conditions, mixing, homogenization, age, measurement equipment, measurement method, and other conditions specified in the applicable documentation.

A liquid-state property should therefore be interpreted according to the temperature, method, Product condition, and other measurement conditions under which it is specified.

Testing conditions and measured properties

Where a Product property is reported together with a specific test method, ISO standard, specimen preparation procedure, printer, processing condition, post-curing procedure, conditioning method, or other defined methodology, the reported result must be interpreted within those stated conditions.

Differences in specimen geometry, orientation, printer, wavelength, irradiance, exposure, cleaning, post-curing, temperature, humidity, conditioning, test equipment, measurement method, or other relevant conditions may produce different results without necessarily indicating Product non-conformity.

Comparison between a customer-generated value and a value published by the Company is technically meaningful only where the relevant preparation, processing, post-curing, conditioning, specimen geometry, and testing conditions are sufficiently comparable.

Printer-specific variability

Different printers using nominally similar technologies or nominal wavelengths may produce different curing conditions because of differences in optical architecture, emitted spectrum, irradiance, exposure control, pixel or projection system, resin-vat configuration, temperature, software, calibration, and other equipment-specific characteristics.

Consequently, successful processing or measured performance on one SLA, DLP, LCD, MSLA, Inkjet, or other machine does not automatically establish identical processing conditions or identical final properties on another machine.

Printer calibration and process optimization may therefore be required for the specific combination of Product, Product version, printer, geometry, and intended workflow.

Post-curing and post-processing

Post-curing is an integral processing variable for many photopolymer Products and may materially influence final properties.

Differences in post-curing wavelength, irradiance, exposure time, temperature, equipment geometry, oxygen exposure, part orientation, distance from the light source, and other curing conditions may produce different levels of conversion and different final properties.

Cleaning and other post-processing operations may also influence surface quality, dimensions, appearance, and measured performance. Excessive, insufficient, or inappropriate cleaning, prolonged exposure to cleaning fluids, incomplete drying, aggressive post-processing, or other deviations from the applicable workflow may affect final-part performance.

Accordingly, values published for a cured material should not be interpreted independently from the relevant post-processing and post-curing conditions.

Product information and reference test conditions

Where available, Product-specific documentation may describe reference preparation, printing, curing, conditioning, or testing conditions used to generate particular technical values.

Those reference conditions are intended to provide context for interpretation and reproducibility of the reported data. They do not necessarily represent the only possible processing conditions for the Product.

Where the customer uses materially different conditions, different results may reasonably be obtained.

Biocompatibility, safety, and regulatory properties

Where Product-specific documentation expressly states a biocompatibility, biological, safety, regulatory, or similar characteristic, that statement applies only within the scope, test conditions, material condition, processing state, standards, evidence, and limitations stated in the applicable documentation.

A statement concerning the biocompatibility or biological evaluation of a material does not, by itself, establish that every final printed or manufactured device is biocompatible or legally suitable for every medical, dental, pharmaceutical, food-contact, or other regulated application.

Final suitability may depend on printing, cleaning, post-curing, post-processing, sterilization, additives, geometry, intended use, duration and type of contact, manufacturing controls, and application-specific validation.

Safety and hazard information must be considered together with the applicable Safety Data Sheet (SDS), Product labelling, Instructions for Use (IFU), and other Product-specific documentation.

Printer and process compatibility

References to SLA, DLP, LCD, MSLA, Inkjet, or other printing technologies indicate the intended technical framework described for the relevant Product and do not guarantee successful printing on every machine using that general technology.

Printer-specific performance may depend on wavelength, optical system, exposure capability, machine architecture, vat configuration, temperature control, software, calibration, geometry, and processing conditions.

Where the Company has expressly confirmed compatibility with a particular printer or process under defined conditions, that statement applies according to its stated scope and conditions.

Further information is available in Compatibility with SLA, DLP, LCD & Inkjet printers.

Multifunctional and development-stage materials

Products expressly identified by the Company as proof-of-concept, development-stage, experimental, customizable, multifunctional, or application-development materials may require additional optimization before achieving application-specific performance.

The fact that a Product provides multiple functions or can be customized does not, by itself, mean that the Product is supplied as a proof-of-concept material. This designation applies only where expressly stated for the relevant Product or project.

Where additional application-specific development is required, this may be carried out through the Company's customization services under the applicable project scope and terms.

Customer validation

Customers are responsible for performing the qualification, calibration, process validation, application testing, regulatory assessment, and risk assessment reasonably appropriate to their equipment, workflow, intended use, and final application, except to the extent that the Company has expressly agreed in writing to perform a particular validation or assume a specific responsibility.

This responsibility includes determining whether the customer's printer, post-curing system, cleaning system, processing parameters, environmental conditions, test methods, and other workflow elements are suitable for achieving the required final-part performance.

This customer responsibility does not eliminate an express Product specification, an expressly accepted application requirement, a contractual commitment of the Company, or a statutory conformity right.

Process-dependent and functional materials

Many Products supplied by the Company are advanced functional materials, including conductive, filled, pigmented, composite, dispersion-based, suspension-based, water-containing, reactive, nanomaterial-containing, or otherwise process-sensitive systems.

The behavior of these materials may depend particularly on storage duration, temperature history, transportation conditions, handling, homogenization, mixing, calibration, printing parameters, curing conditions, post-processing conditions, and other workflow-specific variables.

Unless the Company has expressly undertaken responsibility for a particular stage, the Company cannot continuously monitor the complete transportation, storage, handling, contamination, processing, thermal, or application history of a Product after responsibility for that stage has passed under the applicable contract and mandatory law.

Sedimentation, phase separation, and other process-dependent phenomena

For multiphase Products, including conductive, filled, pigmented, suspension-based, and dispersion-based systems, phenomena such as sedimentation, settling, floating, agglomeration, flocculation, phase separation, viscosity changes, gel-like structures, rheological changes, conductivity variations, or color variations may occur during storage, transport, or use depending on the nature of the Product and relevant conditions.

The presence of one of these phenomena, by itself, does not automatically establish a manufacturing defect or Product non-conformity.

Assessment depends on the nature of the relevant Product, its applicable specification and documentation, storage and handling conditions, whether the phenomenon is reversible using the prescribed procedure, its effect on the Product's intended performance, and the other circumstances relevant to the claim.

Conversely, this provision does not prevent a phenomenon from constituting or evidencing Product non-conformity where the Product fails to satisfy an applicable contractual specification, mandatory conformity requirement, or other legally binding obligation.

Ready-to-use, ready-to-print, and ready-to-process materials

Products described as ready-to-use, ready-to-print, or ready-to-process may still require preparation steps expressly described in the applicable documentation, such as shaking, homogenization, re-dispersion, mixing, temperature equilibration, degassing, calibration, or other normal preparation procedures.

A ready-to-use, ready-to-print, or ready-to-process designation means that the Product is supplied for its stated intended workflow without requiring an additional formulation-development step unless otherwise indicated.

It does not necessarily mean that a process-sensitive or multiphase material will remain permanently homogeneous without the normal preparation or maintenance procedures stated in its documentation.

Ready-to-use, ready-to-print, or ready-to-process does not mean printer-independent, process-independent, post-curing-independent, or application-independent.

Shelf life and expiration

Where a Product is supplied with a stated shelf life, expiration date, storage condition, or other time-dependent specification, that information applies according to the conditions and limitations stated in the applicable Product documentation.

A general statement concerning process dependency, sedimentation, or storage behavior does not cancel an expressly stated shelf life or expiration commitment.

Conversely, a stated shelf life does not imply that every measurable characteristic will remain numerically identical throughout the entire period where normal, specified, reversible, or process-dependent changes are inherent to the Product and do not prevent conformity with the applicable specification or intended use.

Quality-control retention samples

Where applicable, quality-control retention samples are maintained by the Company for internal quality-control, investigation, and traceability purposes under the Company's reference storage conditions.

Such samples may form part of the technical assessment of a Product complaint or batch investigation.

However, a retention sample does not necessarily reproduce the transportation, Customs handling, storage, opening, contamination, resealing, temperature history, homogenization, printing, processing, cleaning, post-curing, or application conditions experienced by the customer's Product after shipment.

A retention sample therefore constitutes one potential element of a technical investigation and is not, by itself, conclusive evidence that a customer's Product was or was not conforming.

Technical evaluation of Product claims

The Company may reasonably request information required to investigate a Product claim, such as:

• order and batch information;
• photographs or videos;
• storage history;
• printer make and model;
• printing technology;
• exposure and calibration parameters;
• material temperature;
• mixing or homogenization procedures;
• cleaning fluid and cleaning procedure;
• cleaning duration;
• post-curing equipment and conditions;
• specimen geometry and orientation;
• conditioning conditions;
• test methods and results;
• remaining Product samples, where reasonably available; and
• other information materially relevant to determining the cause of the reported issue.

The purpose of this technical evaluation is to distinguish, where reasonably possible, between manufacturing or supply non-conformity and effects arising from transport, storage, contamination, handling, mixing, printing, calibration, cleaning, post-curing, post-processing, conditioning, environmental exposure, Product modification, testing methodology, or application-specific conditions.

Observations consistent with normal or documented Product behavior do not automatically establish entitlement to replacement, refund, exchange, or credit.

Equally, the Company will not reject a valid claim solely because an observed effect is capable of arising from more than one possible cause.

Comparison with published technical values

A difference between a customer-measured result and a published typical or indicative value does not, by itself, establish Product non-conformity.

Where a customer seeks to compare measured properties with Company-published values, relevant differences in printer, printing parameters, sample preparation, cleaning, post-curing, conditioning, geometry, test equipment, measurement conditions, and test method must be taken into account.

Where an expressly binding Product specification applies, conformity shall be assessed according to the scope, tolerances, methods, conditions, and other requirements applicable to that specification.

Business Buyer claims

For Business Buyers, Product claims are evaluated according to the applicable Product specifications, quotation, contract, technical documentation, agreed acceptance criteria, Company's Legal Terms, evidence available for the particular claim, and applicable law.

To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, technical information identified as typical, indicative, approximate, expected, representative, or comparative does not constitute an independent guarantee that every individual printed or cured specimen will reproduce that numerical value.

Except where expressly agreed otherwise, the Company does not guarantee application-specific results that depend materially on the customer's printer, equipment, processing parameters, cleaning, post-curing, post-processing, formulation changes, external materials, environmental conditions, operating conditions, test methodology, or other variables outside the Company's reasonable control.

Consumers and statutory conformity rights

Where the Buyer qualifies as a Consumer, nothing in this policy excludes, restricts, transfers, or modifies mandatory rights concerning conformity of goods, remedies, burden of proof, damages, or other Consumer protections established by applicable law.

A Consumer is not required by this policy to prove a manufacturing defect as a condition for exercising a statutory conformity right where applicable law places the relevant burden of proof on the Company or establishes a legal presumption in favor of the Consumer.

The Company's internal technical assessment does not give the Company unilateral authority to determine conclusively whether a Consumer's statutory conformity claim is legally valid.

Product modifications and future versions

The Company may develop, update, improve, reformulate, replace, discontinue, or otherwise modify Products, Product versions, specifications, documentation, or recommendations for future production or supply due to technical development, safety considerations, regulatory requirements, raw-material availability, supply-chain changes, quality improvement, or other legitimate reasons.

Such changes may result in the creation of a different Product version, SKU, specification, or documentation revision where appropriate.

This right to develop or modify future Products does not authorize the Company to disregard an expressly agreed specification or to supply a materially non-conforming Product under an already concluded contract where doing so would breach that contract or mandatory law.

No blanket guarantee of application-specific performance

Except where expressly agreed otherwise, the Company does not guarantee that a Product will achieve a particular application-specific result independently of the printer, process, post-processing, post-curing, conditioning, test method, formulation modifications, external components, or other variables involved in the customer's workflow.

In particular, the publication of a measured property does not constitute a guarantee that the same numerical result will be obtained under materially different manufacturing, post-curing, conditioning, or testing conditions.

This provision does not exclude an expressly stated Product specification, an expressly agreed contractual commitment, or a mandatory statutory conformity obligation.

No blanket exclusion of warranties

Except to the extent expressly agreed with a Business Buyer and permitted by applicable law, this policy does not create a blanket exclusion of all Product warranties, representations, specifications, or obligations.

The extent of the Company's commitments for a particular Product depends on the applicable Product documentation, express specifications, quotation, order, individually negotiated agreement, Legal Terms, and mandatory law.

No general disclaimer on the Website overrides a Product-specific specification or guarantee that the Company has expressly agreed to provide.

Relationship with other Legal Terms

This policy must be read together with the Company's Compatibility with SLA, DLP, LCD & Inkjet printers, applicable Product documentation, Limitation of liability, Refund & Return Policy, Terms & Conditions, and Legal Terms.

Mandatory rights

Nothing in this policy excludes, restricts, or modifies any express contractual Product specification, mandatory conformity obligation, mandatory Product-liability rule, Consumer right, or other responsibility that cannot lawfully be excluded or limited.